Due to climate change and high degree of urbanisation contemporary cities are developing significant environmental problems that can have an array of negative effects on societal well-being. Given that more than a half of the world’s population, and around three quarters of EU population lives in cities, this is becoming an ever more pressing challenge requiring urgent solutions at scale. Nature-based solutions offer one approach. Nature-based solutions are actions inspired by, supported by, or copied from nature. An important obstacle to implementing nature-based solutions is that they are not properly priced. Environmental economics offers a number of methods to obtain the value of nature-based solutions and its services.