The city of Melbourne is faced with both strong population growth and increasing climate extremes, such as heavy rains, floods, heatwaves, droughts, and bushfires. These challenges affect urban greenspace and undermine the quality of life and well-being of citizens. Melbourne is the second-most populous city in Australia and Oceania with a growing, relatively young and international population. Densification is seen as a key measure to reduce urban expansion, which places increasing pressure not only on the built environment and urban services, but also on the unevenly distributed green spaces. The Urban Forest Strategy is a timely and effective response to Melbourne’s sustainability challenges. Its aim is the systematic provision and maintenance of green space in combination with soft and grey infrastructure approaches to improve the liveability of the city and the health and wellbeing of its inhabitants.